语 音 知 识

语 音 知 识 知识要点： 1、元音字母和元音字母组合的发音； 2、辅音字母和辅音字母组合的发音； 3、转换或派生词的发音； 4、字母的不发音； 5、单词附加词尾的读音。 一、读音规则 1、元音字母的读音：

字母	读音	例 词	规 则
	[ei]	game plate	在开音节中，have例外：[ ]
	[ ]	bag black	在闭音节中
	[a:]	bath class	在ss, st, sp, sk, th, f, nc, ns前
Aa	[ ]	wash wander	在[w]后，water例外：[ ]
	[¶]	allow China	在非重读音节中
	[i]	surface palace	在非重读音节中
	[e]	any ate
	[i:]	Chinese these	在开音节中，live、give例外：[i]
Ee	[e]	best letter	在闭音节中
	[i]	before behind	在弱读音节中
	[¶]	hundred excellent	在弱读音节中
Ii	[ai]	price rise find child	在开音节中 在nd, ld前
	[i]	gift lid	在闭音节中
	[¶]	holiday possible
	[¶u]	home radio hold post	在开音节中,move例外：[u:] 在ld、st前
Oo	[ ]	top knock	在闭音节中
	[L]	come love	在m、n、v前
	[u]	wolf woman
	[ju:]	duty huge	在开音节中
	[L]	club suffer	在重读闭音节中
	[u:]	blue true	在开音节中辅音[l][r]后
Uu	[i]	busy business	build例外 ui [i]
	[e]	bury
	[u]	pull full
	[¶]	support difficult	在弱读音节中
Yy	[ai]	type satisfy
	[i]	pretty beauty

2、元音字母组合的读音：

字母组合	读音	例 词	规 则
		also salt
al		talk walk
	[a:]	half calm	在[f][m]前
ar	[a:]	harm sharp
		warm warn	在w后
are	[a:]	are
		spare share
au		autumn cause	aunt例外：[a:]
augh		daughter taught	laugh例外：[a:]
aw		saw law
ai	[ei]	main may grey	said says例外：[e]
ay	[i]	holiday captain	certain curtain Britain中ai不发音
ey		valley
	[i:]	meat steal
ea	[e]	bread dead
	[ei]	break great
	[i¶]	real	reality例外：[i(:) ]
ee	[i:]	street greet	coffee例外：[i]
	[i:]	receive ceiling	在[s]后为ei
ei	[ei]	neighbour eight	foreign例外：[i]
	[ai]	either height
ie	[i:]	piece believe	friend例外：[e]
	[ai¶]	quiet society
io	[ai¶]	violin pioneer	period例外：[i¶]
ia	[ai¶]	diary diamond	Russia例外：[¶]
ew	[ju:]	few honeydew
	[u:]	threw grew
	[¶:]	learn early	在辅音前，heart例外：[a:]
ear	[i¶]	clear hear
	[e¶]	wear bear
er	[¶:]	refer mercy
	[a:]	sergeant clerk
eer	[i¶]	pioneer engineer
ir	[¶:]	first virtue
ire	[ai¶]	hire wire
oa	[¶u]	boat coat
oi oy		voice boy
oul	[u]	could should
	[u:]	tooth smooth
oo	[u]	cook foot
	[L]	flood blood
		order forty
or	[¶:]	worm world	在w后
	[¶]	visitor conductor
oor		floor door	poor例外：[u¶]
	[au]	house pronounce
	[L]	touch young
ou	[u:]	group wound
	[¶u]	shoulder soul
	[¶]	nervous poisonous
	[au¶]	our hour	tour例外：[u¶]
our		four course	journey例外：[¶:]
	[¶]	colour labour	在词尾
ow	[au]	town how
	[¶u]	window throw
ough		fought thought	through例外：[u:]
	[¶u]	though although
ui	[u:]	fruit juice	build例外：[i]
	[ju:]	suit suitable
ur	[¶:]	nurse burn
ure	[ju¶]	cure pure	sure例外：[u¶]

3、部分辅音字母，字母组合的读音：

字母组合	发音	例 词	规 则
ch	[tò]	teach child watch match
(tch)	[k]	school stomach
ck	[k]	stick quickly
ng		singer long
		language English
gh	[f]	enough laugh
ph	[f]	photo phone
th	[θ]	think mouth	th在词首或词尾， smooth例外：
		with father	th在词首或词尾， healthy例外：[θ]
wh	[w]	why while
	[h]	who whole
x	[ks]	exhibition explain
	[gz]	example exist	在重读章节中元音前
n	[n]	winter dance
		hungry thank	在[k][g]前

二、语音测试中常考和易错的单词： 1、[ei] a：tale cave nature headache operate translate graduate danger change celebrate liberate classmate centigrade liberation ai：failure straight sail explain remain ay：day ray pay play delay ea：break great ei：neighbour weight eight 2、[i:] e：frequently fever metre recent complete evening scene reread immediately secret ie：believe field piece achieve thief ei：ceiling receive i：magazine police machine ea：beast breathe reading ocean peace scream European increase 3、[ai] i：flight wild satellite hide silence design lively biology ninth apologize silent tiny ei：either height 4、 o：robot gold post comb soldier suppose only won’t clothes control progress motor ocean stove stone ow：arrow known flown grown flow bowl hollow show blow grow ou：shoulder soul although oa：throat coast 5、[ju:] u：pupil student tube 6、[ ] a：capital natural naturally taxi Japan practice cattle candle ant translate Japanese canal national 7、[e] ai (ay)：said says e：envelope develop merry whether unless secretary explanation reject ea：measure heavy bread head breath sweat weather meant feather treasure heath deaf a：ate any many 8、[i] i：universe children technical notice hidden prison living opposite silver e：depend elect mathematics explain forest electricity event especial entire object pretty a：message package climate courage manage village language surface palace comrade savage necklace orange o：women u：minute busy business ai：mountain captain ei：foreign 9、 o：solid office topic biology concert wrong onto foreign along common strong lost obvious object dollar cloth forehead forest politics modern honour probably promise a：want wander wash watch wallet what ar：quarrel or：sorry borrow tomorrow sorrow 10、[L] o：worry month government once tongue dozen wonder love come ou：double country trouble courage cousin southern touch 11、 a：salt also always almost water al：talk walk chalk wall ball ou：thought bought fought brought our：mourn pour four course aw：saw law lawyer ar：warm warn au (gh) ：caught naughty autumn cause taught daughter astronaut or, oor：door torn form worn forward floor 12、[u:] ou：wounded route youth group soup route oo：loose fool boot balloon food cool school tooth smooth pool moon choose o：prove move 13、 er：refer person or：worse worthy worm word worst worship work world ear：earth research early learn ur：church burst curtain fur 14、[a:] a：rather grant basket example chance vase advanced France au：aunt laugh 15、[u] o：wolf woman u：push pull sugar oo：foot cook wood childhood good took look shook stood hook oul：should would 16、[¶] o：Europe obey pollution observe develop political i：possible terrible holiday beautiful a：allow peasant servant library material breakfast Japan Japanese u：success support succeed suggest supply suppose industry upon minus 17、[au] ou：found founded round sounded trousers count south pronounce announce ow：crowd town now cow blown flower augh：plaugh 18、[i¶] ear：spear fear dear hear tear（n.）clear disappear ea：realize theatre really real eo：theory er：serious material period zero 19、 are：glare care dare stare ere：where there therefore ear：wear bear tear（v.） ar：parent various Mary air：fair affair pair 20、 ie：quiet society science diet scientific scientist ire：empire entire tiresome io：violin lion pioneer ia：diary diamond dialogue 21、[s] s：this writes sew research promise it’s newspaper hospital loose mouse horse course close（adj.）worse coughs mouths stomachs house horse loose course promise c：medicine society voice advice price silence decision except 22、[z] s：news Thursday his goes reads mothers as husband raise physical cousin resist lose noise otherwise position possess nose cause newsreel lungs telegrams stones desert design wise robs houses composition clothes close（v.） 23、[q] th：thing breath method maths wealth healthy worth south strength three through cloth birth bath mouth path 24、 th：they this that without gather mother father breathe neither southern worthy mouths baths paths smooth 25、[t] ed：missed asked watched practised reduced advanced wiped blocked stepped marched 26、[d] ed：filled recognized whispered hugged changed robbed 27、[k] ch：stomach character chemical technology headache technical technique chemist 28、[tò] ch：church chain chest cheerful charge check change achieve research t (ion) ：question suggestion tu：century natural fortunate 29、[ò] ch：machine moustache sh：shoe shallow shirt wash s (s) ：sure sugar Asia expression permission c：special ocean musician official t (ion) ：liberation pollution graduation 30、[f] gh：cough enough tough photo telegraph 31、[eks] ex：exhibition exercise expert extra explanation excellent 32、[iks] ex：explain expect exchange express experience excuse expensive 33、[igz] ex：exact exist example examine 34、 n：trunk language bank anxious ink think rank donkey finger hungry English handkerchief ng：tongue long strong sing 35、 s：pleasure conclusion television decision revision usually 36、[/] 字母不发音 （1）b：comb tomb debt climb （2）h：honest hour forehead exhibition （3）w：wrong write answer sword wrap （4）t：often listen whistle Christmas listen （5）d：Wednesday handsome handkerchief